Nestled on the northeastern coast of South America, French Guiana is a unique destination that combines rich history, incredible biodiversity, and a blend of cultures. As an overseas region of France, it boasts the charm of Europe with the exotic allure of the tropics. Known for its vast rainforests, vibrant wildlife, and historic penal colony, French Guiana is a hidden gem that offers a distinctive and unforgettable travel experience. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about traveling to French Guiana, from must-visit destinations to practical tips for exploring this fascinating region.
1. What to See in French Guiana? Every Must-Visit Attraction
French Guiana is a land of contrasts, with dense jungles, pristine beaches, and fascinating historical sites. Here are some of the top attractions that you should not miss:
Îles du Salut (Salvation Islands): The Îles du Salut, including the infamous Devil’s Island, are one of French Guiana’s most iconic landmarks. These islands were once home to a notorious French penal colony where prisoners were sent to spend their sentences in brutal conditions. Today, you can take a boat trip to explore the islands, tour the ruins of the prison, and enjoy the beautiful beaches. Devil’s Island is the most famous and remote of the islands, known for its tragic history and beautiful yet eerie atmosphere.
Kourou and the European Spaceport: Kourou is home to the European Spaceport, where rockets are launched into space. If you’re lucky, you may be able to catch a rocket launch or visit the spaceport’s visitor center to learn about the space program. The surrounding area offers beautiful beaches and is an excellent base for exploring the region.
Guiana Amazonian Park: Spanning over 30,000 square kilometers, the Guiana Amazonian Park is one of the largest national parks in France and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is home to an incredibly diverse range of wildlife, including jaguars, giant river otters, and hundreds of bird species. The park is a paradise for nature lovers and offers opportunities for guided hikes, wildlife viewing, and boat tours along its rivers.
Cayenne: The capital city of French Guiana, Cayenne, is a vibrant and charming town with a mix of French and Creole influences. Here, you’ll find colorful markets, colonial architecture, and a lively cultural scene. Don’t miss the lively open-air markets, where you can sample local fruits, spices, and seafood. The city also boasts the beautiful Place des Palmistes and the Cayenne Cathedral.
Tumuc-Humac Mountains: These mountains, located in the interior of French Guiana, are a stunning natural feature of the region. A visit to the Tumuc-Humac Mountains is ideal for adventure travelers seeking to explore the rainforest, encounter unique wildlife, and enjoy hiking in one of the most pristine areas of the country.
Maripasoula: This remote town located near the border with Brazil is a gateway to the Amazon rainforest. It offers an authentic experience, with the opportunity to explore indigenous communities, learn about local customs, and take boat trips along the Maroni River.
Îles de la Madeleine: These small, picturesque islands are located just off the coast of French Guiana and are known for their idyllic beaches and calm waters. The islands are great for relaxing, picnicking, or enjoying a peaceful day in nature.
2. The Best Time to Visit French Guiana
French Guiana has a tropical climate, with warm temperatures year-round. However, there are distinct wet and dry seasons that may influence when you choose to visit:
Dry Season (July to December): The dry season is the best time to visit French Guiana, especially if you’re planning to explore the jungle or enjoy outdoor activities like hiking and wildlife watching. The weather is more comfortable, and rainfall is minimal, making it easier to navigate the region.
Rainy Season (January to June): During the rainy season, rainfall can be heavy, especially in the interior regions and the rainforest areas. While the lush vegetation and wildlife are stunning, the rain can make certain outdoor activities more challenging. However, if you don’t mind getting wet, the rainy season offers a more tranquil and less crowded experience.
Shoulder Seasons (April and June): These months offer a balance between good weather and fewer tourists. The region is quieter, and the natural beauty is at its peak, with lush landscapes and abundant wildlife.
3. How to Get Around in French Guiana? Important Tips
French Guiana is a large, sparsely populated region, and getting around can sometimes be a challenge. Here are some tips for traveling within the country:
Public Transport: In the larger towns and cities, buses and taxis are available for public transport, although they can be limited in more rural areas. If you’re staying in Cayenne or Kourou, you’ll find bus services that can take you between the cities. However, public transport may not be reliable for more remote destinations.
Car Rental: Renting a car is one of the most convenient ways to get around French Guiana, especially if you’re planning to explore the more remote areas. Major roads are generally in good condition, but some parts of the region may have limited infrastructure. Be aware that off-road driving may be required if you’re venturing into the Amazon rainforest or other isolated regions.
Boat Travel: Due to the many rivers that run through French Guiana, boat travel is a common and scenic way to navigate the region. Many guided tours of the rainforest, as well as trips to the Îles du Salut or other islands, are conducted by boat. Boat trips also provide an excellent opportunity to view local wildlife.
Domestic Flights: While French Guiana is well connected by road, if you’re traveling to more remote parts of the country like Maripasoula or Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, consider taking a domestic flight. Small regional airports serve remote towns, and flights are available from Cayenne.
4. Accommodation, Food, and Unique Experiences in French Guiana
Accommodation: French Guiana offers a wide range of accommodation options, from budget hostels and guesthouses to luxury resorts and eco-lodges. In Cayenne, you’ll find hotels with a mix of French and Creole influences, while more remote areas offer eco-friendly lodges and camping options. Staying in an eco-lodge or along the Maroni River offers a unique and immersive experience in the rainforest.
Food: French Guiana’s cuisine is a flavorful fusion of French, Creole, and indigenous influences. You can expect fresh seafood, tropical fruits, and hearty stews. Some dishes to try include:
Bouillon d’awara: A traditional stew made with fish, cassava, and the awara fruit.
Riz aux pois d’angole: A dish made with rice, beans, and salted meat or fish.
Accras de morue: Fried codfish fritters that are popular as appetizers or snacks.
Street food in Cayenne is also popular, offering everything from savory pastries to fresh fruit juices. Don’t miss trying the local passion fruit and coconut desserts!
Unique Experiences: French Guiana is a perfect destination for eco-tourism and adventure travel. You can enjoy activities like:
Visiting the Guiana Amazonian Park to hike through the rainforest and spot exotic wildlife.
Exploring the Îles du Salut and learning about the dark history of the penal colony.
Taking a boat trip to the Îles de la Madeleine or Cayenne for a relaxing day on the beach.
Visiting the European Spaceport in Kourou for a fascinating tour of the rocket launch site.
5. Safety and Travel Recommendations
French Guiana is generally a safe place to visit, but like any destination, it’s important to take precautions:
Keep Your Belongings Secure: As in any tourist area, be mindful of pickpockets and petty theft, especially in crowded places like markets and the city center in Cayenne. Use a money belt or secure bag to protect your valuables.
Health and Hygiene: Tap water in French Guiana is not always safe to drink, so always opt for bottled water. Make sure you’re up-to-date on vaccinations before traveling, and take mosquito repellent to protect yourself from diseases like malaria and dengue fever, especially in rainforest areas.
Money and Currency: The currency used in French Guiana is the Euro (€). Credit cards are widely accepted in larger cities, but it’s a good idea to carry cash for use in more remote areas. ATMs are readily available in Cayenne and Kourou.
Summary: Why You Shouldn’t Miss French Guiana
French Guiana may not be on everyone’s radar, but it is a hidden gem that offers an extraordinary combination of natural beauty, history, and cultural richness. From the hauntingly beautiful Îles du Salut to the vibrant wildlife of the Guiana Amazonian Park, this region provides countless opportunities for adventure. Whether you’re exploring its dense rainforests, relaxing on its pristine beaches, or learning about its unique history, French Guiana is a destination that promises a truly memorable experience.